Ụlọ
Akụrụngwa
Igwe quartz jiri ụdị quartz dị ọcha dị iche iche gbazere
Njirimara ihe owuwu nke Quartz Glass
Iko quartz dị ọcha bụ nke otu silica (SiO₂) mejupụtara, yana njikọ Si-O na iko quartz na-ahazi n'usoro ọnọdụ dị mkpụmkpụ nyere iwu na ogologo oge. O njikọ, iko quartz nwere okpomọkụ dị nro dị nro, nnyefe dị mma dị mma, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke mgbasawanye ọkụ na conductivity, nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ dị elu, nguzogide radieshon na ogologo ọrụ ndụ atụmatụ n'okpuru oke ọnọdụ.
Ngwa anya
Ugogbe Quartz nwere ọtụtụ njirimara ngwa anya mara mma. E jiri ya tụnyere iko nkịtị, iko quartz dị ọcha nwere ezigbo nnyefe na ụdị dị iche iche sitere na ultraviolet dị anya (160nm) ruo infrared dị anya (5μm), nke na-adịghị na enyo anya n'ozuzu ya. The mma spectral transmittance na ngwa anya uniformity na-eme ka quartz iko ọtụtụ ebe na-eji na semiconductor lithography na nkenke ngwa anya ngwaọrụ.Na mgbakwunye, quartz iko nwere ezigbo radieshon na-eguzogide, na quartz iko na radieshon na-eguzogide ka ọtụtụ ebe na-eji dị ka a window ihe maka ugbo elu, mkpuchi mkpuchi maka ihe ndị bụ isi nke ụlọ nyocha oghere.
Ihe eji arụ ọrụ
Iko quartz yiri iko nkịtị, ha na-agbaji na ihe siri ike. dị ka iko nkịtị, ike paramita nke iko quartz na-emetụta ọtụtụ ihe. Gụnyere ala ala, geometry na usoro ule. The compressive ike nke transperent quartz iko bụ n'ozuzu 490 ~ 1960MPa, The tensile ike bụ 50 ~ 70MPa, ekwe ike bụ 66 ~ 108MPa, na torsional ike bụ banyere 30MPa.
Njirimara eletrik
Igwe quartz bụ ihe mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik mara mma. E jiri ya tụnyere iko nkịtị, iko quartz nwere ihe mgbochi dị elu, yana resistivity nke iko quartz na ụlọ okpomọkụ dị elu dị ka 1.8 × 1019Ω∙cm. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, iko quartz nwere voltaji nkwụsịtụ dị elu (ihe dị ka ugboro 20 nke iko nkịtị) na ọnwụ dielectric dị ala. The resistivity nke quartz iko belatara ntakịrị na mmụba nke okpomọkụ, na resistivity nke opaque quartz iko dị ala karịa nke iko quartz transperent.
Ihe onwunwe okpomọkụ
N'ihi na iko quartz fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ njikọ Si-O siri ike, okpomọkụ ya dị nro dị elu nke ukwuu, na okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge nwere ike iru 1000 ℃. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye ọkụ nke iko quartz bụ nke kasị ala n'etiti iko ụlọ ọrụ nkịtị. , na ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye ahịrị ya nwere ike iru 5 × 10-7 / ℃. Iko quartz a na-emeso nke ọma nwere ike nweta mgbasawanye efu. Ugegbe Quartz nwekwara ezigbo nguzogide ujo ọkụ, ọ bụrụgodị na ọ na-enweta nnukwu ọdịiche okpomọkụ ugboro ugboro n'ime obere oge, ọ gaghị agbawa. Ihe ndị a dị mma na-ekpo ọkụ na-eme ka iko quartz enweghị ike dochie ya na oke okpomọkụ na oke ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ.
Enwere ike iji iko quartz dị ọcha dị elu n'ichepụta mgbawa na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, ihe inyeaka maka nrụpụta fiber optical, Windows nleba anya maka ọkụ ọkụ dị elu, isi iyi ọkụ eletrik dị elu, na elu ụgbọ elu oghere dị ka oyi akwa mkpuchi ọkụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị oke ala nke mgbasawanye ọkụ na-enyekwa ohere iji iko quartz mee ihe na ngwa ngwa na ihe oghere maka nnukwu teliskop nke mbara igwe.
Njirimara kemịkalụ
Iko quartz nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ. N'adịghị ka iko azụmahịa ndị ọzọ, iko quartz na-edozi mmiri na mmiri, ya mere, enwere ike iji ya na mmiri distillers nke chọrọ nnukwu ịdị ọcha nke mmiri. Iko quartz nwere ezigbo acid na nguzogide nnu, ya mere, enwere ike iji ya na mmiri distillers nke chọrọ oke ịdị ọcha nke mmiri. Iko quartz nwere ezigbo acid na nguzogide nnu, Ewezuga hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid na ngwọta nnu, ọ naghị emeghachi omume na ọtụtụ acid na ngwọta nnu. E jiri ya tụnyere acid na ngwọta nnu, iko Quartz nwere nguzogide alkaline na-adịghị mma ma na-emeghachi omume na ngwọta alkali na okpomọkụ dị elu. Na mgbakwunye, iko quartz na ọtụtụ oxides, ọla, nonmetals, na gas adịghị emeghachi omume na okpomọkụ nkịtị. Ịdị ọcha dị oke elu na ezigbo nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ na-eme ka iko quartz dị mma maka iji na gburugburu ebe nwere ọnọdụ mmepụta dị elu na mmepụta semiconductor.
Njirimara ndị ọzọ
Permeability: Ọdịdị nke iko quartz dị nnọọ jụụ, na ọbụna na okpomọkụ dị elu ọ na-enye ohere ka ion nke ụfọdụ gas gbasaa site na netwọk. Mgbasa nke ion sodium bụ nke kachasị ngwa ngwa. Ọrụ a nke iko quartz dị mkpa karịsịa maka ndị ọrụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe a na-eji iko quartz mee ihe dị ka nnukwu okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ tube mgbasa na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, n'ihi ịdị ọcha dị elu nke ihe semiconductor, ihe na-atụgharị na kọntaktị na quartz. Igwe ọkụ dị ka mkpuchi ọkụ ga-ebu ụzọ hazie ya site na oke okpomọkụ na ihicha, wepụ alkaline adịghị ọcha nke potassium na sodium, wee tinye ya n'ime iko quartz maka ojiji.
Ngwa nke Quartz Glass
Dịka ihe dị mkpa, a na-eji iko quartz eme ihe na nkwurịta okwu anya, ikuku ikuku, ọkụ ọkụ eletrik, semiconductor, nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ anya.
1. Ogige nzikọrịta ozi anya: iko quartz bụ ihe inyeaka maka mmepụta mkpanaka fiber prefabricated na ihe osise fiber optical, na-eje ozi na ahịa njikọ njikọ ọdụ isi, na mbata nke oge 5G ewetala nnukwu ahịa ahịa maka eriri anya.
2. Akụkụ ọkụ ọhụrụ: oriọna mercury dị elu, oriọna xenon, oriọna tungsten iodide, oriọna thallium iodide, oriọna infrared na oriọna germicidal.
3. Semiconductor akụkụ: Quartz iko bụ ihe dị mkpa na mmepụta usoro nke semiconductor ihe na ngwaọrụ, dị ka Grown germanium, Crucible nke silicon single crystal, oven core tube na mgbịrịgba ite ... wdg.
4. N'ọhịa nke nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ: na arụmọrụ ya dị mma nke ụda, ọkụ na ọkụ eletrik, ultrasonic igbu oge akara na radar, infrared tracking direction Find, Prism, lens of infrared photography, nkwurịta okwu, spectrograph, spectrophotometer, na-egosipụta windo nke nnukwu teliskop astronomical. , elu okpomọkụ ọrụ window, Reactors, redioaktivu nrụnye; Rọkịta, imi cone nke ogbunigwe, nozzles na radome, akụkụ mkpuchi redio maka satịlaịtị artificial; Thermobalance, ngwaọrụ mgbasa ozi oghere, nkedo nkenke... wdg.
A na-ejikwa iko quartz na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, metallurgy, eletriki, nyocha sayensị na akụkụ ndị ọzọ. Na chemical ụlọ ọrụ, nwere ike ime elu okpomọkụ acid na-eguzogide gas combustion, jụrụ na ventilashion ngwaọrụ; Ngwa nchekwa; Nkwadebe nke mmiri distilled, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, wdg, na nyocha anụ ahụ na nke ndị ọzọ. N'ime ọrụ okpomọkụ dị elu, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ọkụ eletrik isi tube na gas combustion radiator. Na optics, iko quartz na quartz iko ajị nwere ike iji dị ka rọketi nozzles, Spacecraft okpomọkụ ọta na chọpụtara window, na a okwu, na mmepe nke ọgbara ọhụrụ sayensị na nkà na ụzụ, quartz iko ejirila ọtụtụ ebe na ubi dị iche iche.
Mpaghara Ngwa nke Quartz Glass
Na magburu onwe anụ ahụ na chemical Njirimara, quartz iko na-ọtụtụ ebe na-eji na elu okpomọkụ, dị ọcha, corrosion eguzogide, ìhè nnyefe, nzacha na ndị ọzọ kpọmkwem elu-tech ngwaahịa mmepụta usoro gburugburu ebe obibi, bụ ihe dị oké mkpa ihe dị mkpa na semiconductor, aerospace, ngwa anya nkwurịta okwu ubi.
Mpaghara Semiconductor
Ngwaahịa iko semiconductor quartz bụ 68% nke ahịa ngwaahịa iko quartz, na mpaghara semiconductor bụ mpaghara ngwa kachasị na quartz iko ala ahịa. A na-eji ihe iko quartz na ngwaahịa eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na usoro nrụpụta mgbawa nke semiconductor, achọrọ ka ebu ngwaọrụ na ihe oriri nke oghere maka etching semiconductor, mgbasa, usoro oxidation.
Mpaghara nkwurịta okwu anya
Ogwe quartz bụ isi akụrụngwa maka imepụta eriri anya. A na-ekewa ihe karịrị 95% nke eriri fiber prefabricated n'ime iko quartz dị ọcha, na ọtụtụ ihe iko quartz na-eri na usoro mmepụta nke fiber bar na ịbịaru waya, dị ka ijide mkpanaka na iko quartz.
Optics gbara akwụkwọ
A na-eji ihe iko quartz sịntetị mee ihe dị ka oghere, prism, TFT-LCD HD ngosi na ihe mkpuchi ọkụ IC n'ọhịa ngwa anya dị elu.
Ngwaahịa iko quartz bụ isi ihe oriri na akụrụngwa dị n'akụkụ dị iche iche, na-egbochi mmepụta nke ngwaahịa na ụlọ ọrụ mgbada, na enweghị ngwaahịa ọzọ ugbu a, yabụ na-achọ iko quartz bụ ogologo oge. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'okpuru ala, karịsịa mmepe ngwa ngwa nke semiconductor na ụlọ ọrụ fotovoltaic, ọganihu nke ụlọ ọrụ iko quartz ga-anọgide na-abawanye.
| Ọkụ jikọtara Quartz | Igwe ọkụ ọkụ Quartz | Quartz opaque | Quartz sịntetik | ||
| Ihe eji arụ ọrụ | Njupụta (g/cm3) | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.95-2.15 | 2.2 |
| Modul nke Young(Gpa) | 74 | 74 | 74 | 74 | |
| Oke Poisson | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | ||
| Na-ehulata St reng th(MPa) | 65-95 | 65-95 | 42-68 | 65-95 | |
| Compressive St reng th(MPa) | 1100 | 1100 | 1100 | ||
| Ike ọdụdọ(MPa) | 50 | 50 | 50 | ||
| Torsional St mgbe niile th(MPa) | 30 | 30 | 30 | ||
| Mohs ike(MPa) | 6-7 | 6-7 | 6-7 | ||
| Dayameta afụ(pm) | 100 | ||||
| Ngwongwo eletriki | Dielectric Constant (10GHz) | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 |
| Ihe kpatara ọnwụ (10GHz) | 0,0002 | 0,0002 | 0,0002 | 0,0002 | |
| Dielec trie St reng th(V/m) | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | |
| Resistivity (20°C) (Q・cm) | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | |
| Resistivity (1000 ℃) (Q •cm) | >1X106 | >1X106 | >1X106 | >1X106 | |
| Njirimara okpomọkụ | Ebe nro (C) | 1670 | 1710 | 1670 | 1600 |
| Ebe na-ekpo ọkụ (C) | 1150 | 1215 | 1150 | 1100 | |
| St rain Point(C) | 1070 | 1150 | 1070 | 1000 | |
| Nrụpụta okpomọkụ(W/M・K) | 1.38 | 1.38 | 1.24 | 1.38 | |
| Okpomọkụ akọwapụtara (20 ℃) (J/KG・K) | 749 | 749 | 749 | 790 | |
| Ọnụ ego mgbasawanye (X10-7/K) | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~100C5.7 | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~200C6.4 | |