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Girazi requartz rakanyungudutswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzeyakachena quartz chaiyo
Kuvaka Chimiro cheQuartz Glass
Girazi yakachena ye quartz inoumbwa neine silica imwe chete (SiO₂) chikamu, uye Si-O zvisungo mugirazi yequartz inorongwa mupfupi-yakarongerwa uye yakareba-yakaomeswa mamiriro ezvinhu.Nekuda kwesimba rakasimba uye rakagadzikana chisungo cheSi- O bond, girazi requartz rine tembiricha yakapfava yakanyanya, yakanakisa spectral transmittance, Yakanyanya kuderera coefficient yekuwedzera kwemafuta uye conductivity, yakanyanya kugadzikana kwemakemikari, kuramba nemwaranzi uye hupenyu hurefu hwekushanda pasi pemamiriro akanyanya.
Optical pfuma
Girazi reQuartz rine huwandu hweakanakisa optical zvivakwa. Kana ichienzaniswa negirazi rakajairwa, girazi requartz rakachena rine kufambisa kwakanaka mune yakafara spectrum kubva kure ultraviolet (160nm) kusvika kure infrared (5μm), iyo isingawanikwe mune yakajairika girazi remaziso. Iyo yakanakisa spectral transmittance uye optical yunifomu inoita quartz girazi rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu semiconductor lithography uye chaiyo optical zvishandiso.Mukuwedzera, quartz girazi ine yakanaka radiation yekudzivirira, iyo quartz girazi ine radiation inodzivirira yakashandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu chehwindo che spacecraft, zvivharo zvekudzivirira zvikamu zvakakosha zverabhoritari yemuchadenga.
Mechanical property
Girazi requartz rakafanana negirazi rakajairwa, iwo ari brittle uye akaoma zvinhu. zvakafanana negirazi rakajairwa, masimba emagetsi equartz anokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda.Kusanganisira mamiriro epasi, geometry uye nzira yekuyedza. Simba rekumanikidzika regirazi requartz rakajeka rinowanzoita 490 ~ 1960MPa, Iyo tensile simba i50 ~ 70MPa, simba rekukotama i66 ~ 108MPa, uye simba rekurovera rinenge 30MPa.
Magetsi zvinhu
Quartz girazi yakanakisa magetsi insulating zvinhu. Kana ichienzaniswa negirazi rakajairwa, girazi requartz rine resistivity yakakwira, uye resistivity yegirazi requartz patembiricha yekamuri yakakwira se1.8 × 1019Ω∙cm. Pamusoro pezvo, girazi requartz rine simba rekuparara kwepamusoro (inenge 20 nguva yegirazi rakajairwa) uye yakaderera dielectric kurasikirwa.Kudzivirirwa kwegirazi requartz kwakadzikira zvishoma nekuwedzera kwekushisa, uye kuramba kwegirazi requartz opaque kwaive kwakaderera pane kuya girazi requartz rakajeka.
Thermal property
Nokuti girasi requartz rinenge rine simba rose reSi-O bond, kunyorova kwayo kwakakwirira zvikuru, uye tembiricha yekushanda kwenguva refu inogona kusvika 1000 ℃. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo yekuwedzera inopisa coefficient yegirazi yequartz ndiyo yakaderera pakati peyakajairwa girazi reindasitiri. , uye mutsara wayo wekuwedzera coefficient inogona kusvika 5 × 10-7 / ℃. Yakanyanya kurapwa quartz girazi inogona kunyange kuwana zero yekuwedzera. Girazi reQuartz zvakare rine yakanaka kwazvo yekupisa kuvhundutsa kuramba,Kunyangwe ikaramba ichisangana neyakakura tembiricha musiyano munguva pfupi, haizotsemuka. Aya akanakisa ekupisa zvimiro anoita kuti quartz girazi isadzoke mukupisa kwakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kushanda nharaunda.
Yakakwira kuchena quartz girazi inogona kushandiswa mukugadzira chip muindasitiri yesemiconductor, zvekubatsira zvekugadzira fiber kugadzira, kutarisa Windows kwemaindasitiri akakwira-tembiricha mavira, masimba emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi epamusoro, uye pamusoro pechivharo chemuchadenga sechinhu chinopisa chekudzivirira. .Iyo yakanyanya kuderera coefficient yekuwedzera kwemafuta inobvumirawo quartz girazi kuti ishandiswe mune chaiyo zviridzwa uye lens zvinhu zvemateresikopu makuru emuchadenga.
Chemical properties
Girazi requartz rine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari. Kusiyana nemamwe magirazi ekutengesa, girazi requartz rakagadzikana nemakemikari kumvura, Naizvozvo, rinogona kushandiswa mumvura distillers inoda kuchena kwakanyanya kwemvura. Quartz girazi ine yakanakisa asidhi uye munyu kuramba, Naizvozvo, inogona kushandiswa mumvura distillers inoda kuchena kwakanyanya kwemvura. Girasi yeQuartz ine yakanakisa asidhi uye munyu kuramba, Kunze kwehydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid uye yakakosha munyu mhinduro, haiite nemaasidhi mazhinji uye munyu mhinduro. Kuenzaniswa nemhinduro dzeasidhi nemunyu, girazi reQuartz rine kushomeka kwealkaline uye rinosangana nemhinduro dzealkali pakupisa kwakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, girazi requartz uye maokisi akawanda, Masimbi, asiri masimbi, uye magasi haaite pane zvakajairika tembiricha. Kunyanya kuchena uye kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari kunoita kuti girazi requartz rikodzere kushandiswa munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwepamusoro mukugadzira semiconductor.
Zvimwe zvinhu
Permeability: Chimiro chegirazi chequartz chakasununguka zvikuru, uye kunyange pakupisa kwakanyanya kunobvumira ions yemamwe magasi kuti apararire kuburikidza netiweki.Kupararira kweion sodium ndiyo inokurumidza. Uku kuita kwegirazi requartz kunonyanya kukosha kune vashandisi, semuenzaniso, kana girazi requartz richishandiswa sechigadziko chepamusoro-tembiricha kana diffusion chubhu muindasitiri ye semiconductor, nekuda kwekuchena kwakanyanya kweiyo semiconductor zvinhu, iyo refractory inosangana nequartz. girazi sechigadziko chechoto chinofanirwa kugadziridzwa nekupisa kwakanyanya uye kuchenesa, kubvisa alkaline tsvina ye potassium uye sodium, uyezve inogona kuiswa muquartz girazi kuti ishandiswe.
Kushandiswa kweQuartz Glass
Sechinhu chakakosha, girazi requartz rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukukurukurirana kwemaziso, aerospace, magetsi emwenje sosi, semiconductor, optical nyowani tekinoroji.
1. Optical communication field: quartz girazi chinhu chinobatsira pakugadzirwa kwe optical fiber prefabricated rods uye optical fiber kudhirowa, kunyanya kushumira base station interconnection market, uye kusvika kwe5G nguva yakaunza kudiwa kukuru kwemusika kune optical fiber.
2. Chiedza chitsva chechiedza: high pressure mercury lamp, xenon lamp, tungsten iodide rambi, thallium iodide rambi, infrared rambi uye germicidal rambi.
3. Semiconductor aspect: Quartz girazi chinhu chinokosha mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zve semiconductor uye zvishandiso, zvakadai seGrown germanium, Crucible yesilicon single crystal, furnace core chubhu uye bhero chirongo ... nezvimwe.
4. Mundima yetekinoroji nyowani: nekuita kwayo kwakanakisa kweruzha, chiedza uye magetsi, ultrasonic kunonoka mutsara pa radar, infrared tracking direction yekutsvaga, Prism, lens ye infrared photography, kutaurirana, spectrograph, spectrophotometer, rinoratidza hwindo reteresikopu huru yenyeredzi. , hwindo rekushanda kwekushisa kwepamusoro, maReactor, kuisa radioactive; Maroketi, Mhino koni yezvombo zvinokandwa, mhuno neradome, Redhiyo insulation zvikamu zvemasetiraiti ekugadzira; thermobalance, vacuum adsorption mudziyo, chaiyo kukanda ... nezvimwe.
Girazi reQuartz rinoshandiswawo muindasitiri yemakemikari, simbi, magetsi, tsvakiridzo yesainzi uye zvimwe zvinhu. Muindasitiri yemakemikari, inogona kuita yakakwira tembiricha asidhi inodzivirira gasi kupisa, Kutonhorera uye kufefetera zvishandiso; Kuchengetedza mudziyo; Kugadzirira kwemvura yakasvibiswa, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, nezvimwewo, uye zvimwe zviedzo zvepanyama uye zvemakemikari.Mukushanda kwekushisa kwepamusoro, inogona kushandiswa semagetsi echoto chepakati pechubhu uye gasi inopisa radiator. Mune optics, girazi requartz uye quartz girazi wool inogona kushandiswa se rocket nozzles, Spacecraft heat shield uye yekutarisa hwindo, mune izwi, nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi yemazuva ano uye tekinoroji, girazi requartz rave richishandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.
Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzeQuartz Glass
Iine zvakanakisa zvemuviri uye zvemakemikari zvimiro, girazi requartz rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukupisa kwepamusoro, kuchena, kusakara kwecorrosion, kutapurirana mwenje, kusefa uye mamwe chaiwo epamusoro-tekinoroji ekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa nharaunda, chinhu chakakosha chakakosha mu semiconductor, aerospace, optical communication fields.
Semiconductor munda
Semiconductor quartz girazi zvigadzirwa account ye68% yequartz girazi zvigadzirwa musika, uye iyo semiconductor munda ndiyo hombe nzvimbo yekushandisa mumusika wequartz girazi rezasi. Quartz magirazi emidziyo uye zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu semiconductor chip kugadzira maitiro, uye zvinosungirwa kutakura zvishandiso uye mhango zvinoshandiswa zve semiconductor etching, diffusion, oxidation maitiro.
Optical communication field
Quartz tsvimbo ndiyo huru mbishi yekugadzira optical fiber. Anopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu muzana emafiber bars akakamurwa kuita yakakwirira-kuchena quartz girazi, uye yakawanda yequartz girazi zvinhu zvinopedzwa mukugadzirwa kwefiber bar kugadzira uye kudhirowa waya, sekubata tsvimbo nemakapu equartz.
Optics yakaiswa
Synthetic quartz girazi zvinhu zvinoshandiswa se lens, prism, TFT-LCD HD kuratidza uye IC mwenje masiki substrate zvinhu munzvimbo yepamusoro-yekupedzisira optical munda.
Zvigadzirwa zvemagirazi eQuartz ndizvo zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa uye zvigadzirwa muminda dzakasiyana siyana, zvichirambidza kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa muindasitiri yepasi, uye hapana chimwe chigadzirwa parizvino, saka kudiwa kwegirazi requartz ndekwenguva refu. Mumaindasitiri ari pasi pemvura, kunyanya kukurumidza kusimudzira kwe semiconductor uye photovoltaic maindasitiri, kubudirira kweiyo quartz girazi indasitiri icharamba ichiwedzera.
| Murazvo wakabatanidza Quartz | Magetsi Fused Quartz | Opaque Quartz | Synthetic Quartz | ||
| Mechanical Properties | Density (g/cm3) | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.95-2.15 | 2.2 |
| Young's Modulus(Gpa) | 74 | 74 | 74 | 74 | |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | ||
| Kupeta St reng th(MPa) | 65-95 | 65-95 | 42-68 | 65-95 | |
| Compressive St reng th(MPa) | 1100 | 1100 | 1100 | ||
| Tensile St reng th(MPa) | 50 | 50 | 50 | ||
| Torsional St nguva dzose th(MPa) | 30 | 30 | 30 | ||
| Mohs Kuoma(MPa) | 6-7 | 6-7 | 6-7 | ||
| Bubble Diameter(pm) | 100 | ||||
| Electrical Properties | Dielectric Constant (10GHz) | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 |
| Kurasika Factor (10GHz) | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | |
| Dielec edza St reng th(V/m) | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | |
| Resistivity (20°C) (Q・cm） | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | |
| Resistivity (1000℃) (Q •cm) | >1X106 | >1X106 | >1X106 | >1X106 | |
| Thermal Properties | Softening point (C) | 1670 | 1710 | 1670 | 1600 |
| Annealing point (C) | 1150 | 1215 | 1150 | 1100 | |
| St rain Point(C) | 1070 | 1150 | 1070 | 1000 | |
| Thermal Conductivity(W/M・K) | 1.38 | 1.38 | 1.24 | 1.38 | |
| Kupisa Kwakananga (20 ℃) (J/KG・K） | 749 | 749 | 749 | 790 | |
| Kuwedzera Coefficient (X10-7/K） | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~100C5.7 | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~200C6.4 | |