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Iglasi yequartz inyibilika ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zequartz yendalo esulungekileyo
Ulwakhiwo lweglasi yeQuartz
Iglasi ye-quartz ecocekileyo yenziwe yi-silica eyodwa (i-SiO₂) icandelo, kunye neebhondi ze-Si-O kwiglasi ye-quartz zicwangciswe kwixesha elifutshane elicwangcisiweyo kunye nexesha elide eliphazamisekileyo. I-O bond, iglasi yequartz inobushushu obuphezulu obuthambileyo, i-spectral transmittance egqwesileyo,I-coefficient ephantsi kakhulu yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye ne-conductivity, uzinzo oluphezulu kakhulu lweekhemikhali, ukumelana nemitha kunye neempawu zokusebenza ezinde phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Ipropati ye-Optical
Iglasi yequartz inoluhlu lweempawu ezibalaseleyo zamehlo. Xa kuthelekiswa neglasi eqhelekileyo, iglasi yequartz yococeko oluphezulu inokuhanjiswa kakuhle kwispectrum ebanzi ngokugqithisileyo ukusuka kwi-ultraviolet ekude (160nm) ukuya kwi-infrared ekude (5μm), engafumanekiyo kwiglasi yokukhanya ngokubanzi. Ugqithiso olugqwesileyo lwe-spectral kunye nokufana okubonakalayo kwenza iglasi yequartz isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-semiconductor lithography kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo ze-optical. Ukongeza, iglasi ye-quartz inokumelana kakuhle nemitha, iglasi yequartz ene-radiation resistant isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njengefestile yefestile ye-spacecraft, izikhuselo zokukhusela. amacandelo angundoqo elabhoratri yendawo.
Ipropathi yoomatshini
Iglasi ye-quartz ifana neglasi eqhelekileyo, i-brittle kwaye inzima. ngokufanayo njengeglasi eqhelekileyo, iiparamitha zamandla eglasi yequartz zichatshazelwa zizinto ezininzi.Kubandakanya ubume bomphezulu, ijometri kunye nendlela yovavanyo. Amandla acinezelayo eglasi yequartz ecacileyo ngokuqhelekileyo yi-490 ~ 1960MPa, Amandla okuqina yi-50 ~ 70MPa, amandla okugoba yi-66 ~ 108MPa, kwaye amandla e-torsional malunga ne-30MPa.
Iimpawu zombane
Iglasi yequartz yeyona nto ibalaseleyo yokugquma umbane. Xa kuthelekiswa neglasi eqhelekileyo, iglasi yequartz inokumelana okuphezulu, kwaye ukumelana neglasi yequartz kwindawo yobushushu begumbi kuphezulu njenge-1.8×1019Ω∙cm. Ukongeza, iglasi yequartz inevoltage ephezulu yokuphuka (malunga namaxesha angama-20 eglasi eqhelekileyo) kunye nokulahleka kwedielectric esezantsi. Ukumelana neglasi yequartz kwehle kancinci ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, kwaye ukumelana neglasi yequartz opaque kwakungaphantsi kunoko. iglasi yequartz ebonakalayo.
Ipropathi eshushu
Ngenxa yokuba iglasi yequartz phantse yonke ibhondi ye-Si-O eyomeleleyo, ubushushu bayo bokuthambisa buphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ubushushu bexesha elide lokusebenza bunokufikelela kwi-1000 ℃. Ukongeza, i-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal yeglasi ye-quartz yeyona iphantsi phakathi kweglasi yemveliso eqhelekileyo. , kwaye i-coefficient yayo yokwandisa i-linear inokufikelela kwi-5×10-7/℃. Iglasi yequartz ephathwe ngokukodwa inokufezekisa ulwandiso lwe-zero. Iglasi yequartz ikwanazo nokuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal, nokuba iphinda iphinde yenzeke umahluko omkhulu wobushushu ngexesha elifutshane, ayizukuqhekeka. Ezi zakhiwo zibalaseleyo zobushushu zenza iglasi yequartz ingabinandawo kubushushu obuphezulu kunye neendawo zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo.
Iglasi yequartz yococeko oluphezulu ingasetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwetshiphu kwishishini le-semiconductor, izixhobo ezincedisayo zokwenza i-fiber optical, ukujonga iiWindows kwimizi-mveliso enobushushu obuphezulu, imithombo yokukhanya yombane enamandla amakhulu, kunye nomphezulu wesiphekepheke njengomaleko wokugquma obushushu. .I-coefficient ephantsi kakhulu yokwandiswa kwe-thermal ikwavumela iglasi yequartz ukuba isetyenziswe kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo kunye nemathiriyeli yelensi kwiiteleskopu ezinkulu zeenkwenkwezi.
Iimpawu zeMichiza
Iglasi yequartz inozinzo oluhle kakhulu lweekhemikhali. Ngokungafaniyo nenye iglasi yorhwebo, iglasi yequartz izinzile ngokwekhemikhali emanzini, Ke ngoko, ingasetyenziswa kwiidisti zamanzi ezifuna ukucoceka okuphezulu kakhulu kwamanzi. Iglasi ye-quartz ine-asidi egqwesileyo kunye nokumelana netyuwa, Ke ngoko, inokusetyenziswa kwi-distillers yamanzi efuna ukucoceka okuphezulu kakhulu kwamanzi. Iglasi ye-quartz ine-asidi egqwesileyo kunye nokuxhathisa ityuwa, Ngaphandle kwe-hydrofluoric acid, i-phosphoric acid kunye nezisombululo zetyuwa ezisisiseko, ayifuni kunye ne-acids ezininzi kunye nezisombululo zetyuwa. Xa kuthelekiswa nezisombululo ze-asidi kunye netyuwa, iglasi yequartz inokumelana ne-alkaline embi kwaye isabela kunye nezisombululo zealkali kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukongeza, iglasi yequartz kunye neeoksidi ezininzi, iintsimbi, i-nonmetals, kunye neegesi azisebenzi kumaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo. Ukucoceka okuphezulu kakhulu kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali ezilungileyo kwenza iglasi yequartz ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezineemeko eziphezulu zemveliso kwimveliso ye-semiconductor.
Ezinye iipropati
I-Permeability: Isakhiwo seglasi ye-quartz sikhululekile kakhulu, kwaye nakwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu livumela i-ion yeegesi ezithile ukuba zisasazeke kwinethiwekhi. Le ntsebenzo yeglasi ye-quartz ibaluleke kakhulu kubasebenzisi, umzekelo, xa iglasi ye-quartz isetyenziswe njengesitya sokushisa okuphezulu okanye ityhubhu yokusabalalisa kwishishini le-semiconductor, ngenxa yokucoceka okuphezulu kwezinto ze-semiconductor, izinto eziphikisayo ezidibanisa ne-quartz. iglasi njengentsimbi yesithando somlilo kufuneka iqhutywe ngaphambili ngobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokucoca, ukususa ukungcola kwe-alkaline ye-potassium kunye ne-sodium, kwaye ke ingafakwa kwiglasi ye-quartz ukuze isetyenziswe.
Ukusetyenziswa kweglasi yequartz
Njengezinto ezibalulekileyo, iglasi ye-quartz isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunxibelelwano lwe-optical, i-aerospace, umthombo wokukhanya kombane, i-semiconductor, iteknoloji entsha ye-optical.
1. Intsimi yonxibelelwano lwe-Optical: iglasi ye-quartz yinto encedisayo yokuvelisa i-fiber optical prefabricated rods kunye nomzobo we-fiber optical, ngokukodwa ukukhonza i-market station interconnection market, kunye nokufika kwexesha le-5G kwazisa imfuno enkulu yemarike ye-fiber optical.
2. Inkalo entsha yokukhanya: isibane se-mercury esinexinzelelo oluphezulu, isibane se-xenon, isibane se-tungsten iodide, isibane se-thallium iodide, isibane se-infrared kunye nesibane se-germicidal.
3. Inkalo ye-Semiconductor: Iglasi ye-quartz yinto efunekayo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ze-semiconductor kunye nezixhobo, ezifana ne-Grown germanium, i-Crucible ye-silicon crystal eyodwa, i-tube ye-furnace core kunye ne-bell jar ... njl.
4. Kwinkalo yetekhnoloji entsha: ngokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kwesandi, ukukhanya kunye nombane, umgca wokulibaziseka we-ultrasonic kwi-radar, ukufunyanwa kolwalathiso lokulandela umkhondo we-infrared, iPrism, ilensi yokufota nge-infrared, unxibelelwano, i-spectrograph, i-spectrophotometer, ifestile ebonisa iteleskopu enkulu ye-astronomical. , ifestile yokusebenza kobushushu obuphezulu, iiReactors, ufakelo lweradioactive; Imijukujelwa, Impumlo yemijukujelwa, imilomo kunye neradome, iindawo zokugquma kwirediyo yeesathelayithi ezenziweyo; i-thermobalance, isixhobo se-vacuum adsorption, ukuphosa ngokuchanekileyo...njl.
Iglasi yequartz ikwasetyenziswa kushishino lweekhemikhali, isinyithi, umbane, uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye neminye imiba. Kwishishini lemichiza, unokwenza ubushushu obuphezulu be-asidi ukutsha kwegesi, Ukupholisa kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya; Isixhobo sokugcina; Ukulungiswa kwamanzi e-distilled, i-hydrochloric acid, i-nitric acid, i-asidi ye-sulfuric, njl., kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali.Kumsebenzi wokushisa ophezulu, unokusetyenziswa njenge-tube yombane yombane kunye ne-radiator yokutshisa igesi. Kwi-optics, iglasi yequartz kunye noboya beglasi yequartz ingasetyenziswa njenge rocket nozzles, iSpacecraft heat shield kunye nefestile yokujonga, ngegama, ngophuhliso lwesayensi yanamhlanje kunye netekhnoloji, iglasi yequartz isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
IiNdawo zokuSebenza zeglasi yeQuartz
Ngeempawu ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, iglasi yequartz isetyenziswa kakhulu kubushushu obuphezulu, ukucoceka, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya, ukuhluza kunye nezinye iimeko ezithe ngqo zemveliso yemveliso yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-semiconductor, i-aerospace, imimandla yonxibelelwano lwamehlo.
Indawo yeSemiconductor
Iimveliso zeglasi ze-quartz ze-semiconductor zithatha i-68% yemarike yeemveliso zeglasi ye-quartz, kwaye intsimi ye-semiconductor yeyona ndawo inkulu yesicelo kwimarike yeglasi ye-quartz esezantsi. Izixhobo zeglasi zequartz kunye neemveliso zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwetshiphu ye-semiconductor, kwaye kufuneka ukuba zithwale izixhobo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa kwimibhobho ye-semiconductor etching, diffusion, oxidation process.
Indawo yonxibelelwano ye-Optical
Iirodi ze-quartz zezona zixhobo ziphambili zokwenziwa kwefiber optical. Ngaphezulu kwe-95% yee-fiber bar ze-prefabricated zahlulwe kwiglasi ye-quartz ecocekileyo, kwaye izinto ezininzi zeglasi ze-quartz zisetyenzisiwe kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-fiber bar kunye nokuzoba ngocingo, njengokubamba iintonga kunye neekomityi ze-quartz.
I-Optics ifakiwe
Izinto zeglasi ze-quartz zokwenziwa zisetyenziswa njenge-lens, iprism, i-TFT-LCD HD ukubonisa kunye ne-IC ukukhanya kwe-mask substrate imathiriyeli kwindawo ephezulu yokukhanya.
Iimveliso zeglasi zequartz zingundoqo ezisetyenziswayo kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, zithintela ukuveliswa kweemveliso kushishino olusezantsi, kwaye akukho mveliso yimbi okwangoku, ke imfuno yeglasi yequartz lixesha elide. Kumashishini asezantsi, ngokukodwa ukuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwe-semiconductor kunye ne-photovoltaic industries, ukuchuma koshishino lweglasi ye-quartz kuya kuqhubeka nokunyuka.
| I-Quartz idibene nedangatye | Iquartz eFused yoMbane | I-Opaque Quartz | I-Synthetic Quartz | ||
| Iipropati zoomatshini | Ubuninzi (g/cm3) | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.95-2.15 | 2.2 |
| Imodulus yolutsha(Gpa) | 74 | 74 | 74 | 74 | |
| Umlinganiselo wePoisson | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | ||
| Ukugoba iSt reng th(MPa) | 65-95 | 65-95 | 42-68 | 65-95 | |
| Compressive St reng th(MPa) | 1100 | 1100 | 1100 | ||
| Tensile strength(MPa) | 50 | 50 | 50 | ||
| Torsional St njalo th(MPa) | 30 | 30 | 30 | ||
| Mohs Ubunzima(MPa) | 6-7 | 6-7 | 6-7 | ||
| Bubble Diameter(pm) | 100 | ||||
| Iipropati zoMbane | Idielectric Constant (10GHz) | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 |
| I-Loss Factor (10GHz) | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | |
| Dielec try St reng th(V/m) | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | |
| Ukuxhathisa (20°C) (Q・i-cm) | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | >1X1016 | |
| Ukumelana (1000℃) (Q •cm) | >1X106 | >1X106 | >1X106 | >1X106 | |
| Iipropati zoThermal | Indawo yokuthambisa (C) | 1670 | 1710 | 1670 | 1600 |
| Indawo yokudibanisa (C) | 1150 | 1215 | 1150 | 1100 | |
| iSt rain Point(C) | 1070 | 1150 | 1070 | 1000 | |
| I-Thermal Conductivity(W/M・K) | 1.38 | 1.38 | 1.24 | 1.38 | |
| Ubushushu obuthile (20℃) (J/KG・K） | 749 | 749 | 749 | 790 | |
| Ukwandiswa kwe-Coefficient (X10-7/K） | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~100C5.7 | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~200C6.4 | |