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Ingilazi ye-quartz incibilike ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-quartz yemvelo emsulwa
Isici Sokwakha Sengilazi Yequartz
Ingilazi ye-quartz ehlanzekile yakhiwe ingxenye eyodwa ye-silica (SiO₂), futhi amabhondi e-Si-O engilazini ye-quartz ahlelwe esimweni esifushane esi-oda kanye nebanga elide elihlelekile.Ngenxa yamandla ebhondi aqinile futhi azinzile we-Si- I-O bond, ingilazi ye-quartz inezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuthambisa, ukudluliswa kwe-spectral okuhle kakhulu,I-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda okushisayo kanye nokuhamba kahle, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali okuphezulu kakhulu, ukumelana nemisebe kanye nezici zokuphila isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Indawo yokubona
Ingilazi ye-quartz inohlu lwezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ze-optical. Uma kuqhathaniswa nengilazi evamile, ingilazi yequartz ehlanzekile inokudlulisa okuhle ku-spectrum ebanzi kakhulu ukusuka ku-ultraviolet ekude (160nm) kuya ku-infrared ekude (5μm), engatholakali engilazini evamile yokubona. I-spectral transmittance enhle kakhulu kanye nokufana kwe-optical kwenza ingilazi ye-quartz isetshenziswe kabanzi ku-semiconductor lithography kanye namadivayisi abonakalayo anembile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingilazi ye-quartz inokumelana okuhle nemisebe, ingilazi ye-quartz ekwazi ukumelana nemisebe iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi njengefasitela lezinto ze-spacecraft, izembozo zokuvikela izingxenye ezibalulekile zelabhorethri yesikhala.
Impahla yemishini
Ingilazi ye-quartz ifana nengilazi evamile, i-brittle futhi iqinile. okufana nengilazi evamile, imingcele yamandla yengilazi ye-quartz ithintwa izici eziningi.Kuhlanganisa nesimo sendawo, ijometri kanye nendlela yokuhlola. Amandla acindezelayo wengilazi yequartz esobala ngokuvamile angu-490 ~ 1960MPa, Amandla e-tensile 50 ~ 70MPa, amandla okugoba angama-66 ~ 108MPa, futhi amandla e-torsional acishe abe ngu-30MPa.
Izakhiwo zikagesi
Ingilazi ye-quartz iyinto enhle kakhulu yokuvikela ugesi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nengilazi evamile, ingilazi ye-quartz inokumelana okuphezulu, futhi ukumelana kwengilazi ye-quartz ekamelweni lokushisa kuphezulu njengo-1.8×1019Ω∙cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingilazi ye-quartz ine-voltage ephakeme yokuphuka (cishe izikhathi ezingu-20 kunengilazi evamile) kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-dielectric ephansi.I-resistantivity yengilazi ye-quartz yehla kancane ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, futhi ukumelana kwengilazi ye-quartz opaque kwakungaphansi kwalokho ingilazi ye-quartz esobala.
Impahla eshisayo
Ngenxa yokuthi ingilazi ye-quartz cishe yonke isibopho se-Si-O esiqinile, izinga lokushisa layo lokuthambisa liphezulu kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa lesikhathi eside lingafinyelela ku-1000 ℃.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo yengilazi ye-quartz iphansi kakhulu phakathi kwengilazi evamile yezimboni. , futhi i-coefficient yayo yokwandisa eqondile ingafinyelela ku-5×10-7/℃. Ingilazi ye-quartz ephathwe ngokukhethekile ingafinyelela ukunwetshwa kwe-zero. Ingilazi ye-quartz nayo inokumelana nokushaqeka okuhle kakhulu kokushisa, Ngisho noma ihlangabezana ngokuphindaphindiwe nomehluko omkhulu wokushisa ngesikhathi esifushane, ngeke iqhekeke. Lezi zakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ezishisayo zenza ingilazi ye-quartz ingenakushintshwa ekushiseni okuphezulu nasezindaweni zokusebenza ezidlulele.
Ingilazi ye-quartz ehlanzekile ingasetshenziswa embonini ye-chip embonini ye-semiconductor, izinto ezisizayo zokukhiqiza i-fiber optical, i-observation Windows yeziko lezimboni ezinokushisa okuphezulu, imithombo yokukhanya kagesi enamandla amakhulu, kanye nengaphezulu le-shuttle yasemkhathini njengongqimba olushisayo. .I-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokunwetshwa kwe-thermal iphinde ivumele ingilazi ye-quartz ukuthi isetshenziswe kumathuluzi anembayo nezinto zamalensi kumatheleskopu amakhulu ezinkanyezi.
Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali
Ingilazi yequartz inokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali. Ngokungafani nezinye ingilazi yokuhweba, ingilazi ye-quartz iqinile emanzini, Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa kuma-distillers amanzi adinga ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kwamanzi. Ingilazi ye-quartz inokumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-asidi nosawoti, Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa kuma-distillers amanzi adinga ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kwamanzi. Ingilazi ye-quartz ine-asidi enhle kakhulu nokumelana nosawoti, Ngaphandle kwe-hydrofluoric acid, i-phosphoric acid kanye nezixazululo eziyisisekelo zikasawoti, ayiphenduli nge-acids eminingi nezixazululo zikasawoti. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo ze-asidi nosawoti, ingilazi ye-quartz inokumelana ne-alkali okuphansi futhi isabela nezixazululo ze-alkali emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingilazi yequartz kanye nama-oxide amaningi, Izinsimbi, ama-nonmetals, namagesi akusabeli emazingeni okushisa avamile. Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali kwenza ingilazi ye-quartz ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinezimo eziphakeme zokukhiqiza ekukhiqizeni i-semiconductor.
Ezinye izakhiwo
I-Permeability: Isakhiwo sengilazi ye-quartz sikhululekile kakhulu, futhi ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa aphezulu kuvumela ama-ion amagesi athile ukuba ahlakazeke kunethiwekhi.Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-sodium ion kushesha kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza kwengilazi ye-quartz kubaluleke kakhulu kubasebenzisi, isibonelo, lapho ingilazi yequartz isetshenziswa njengesiqukathi esinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ishubhu lokusabalalisa embonini ye-semiconductor, ngenxa yokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kwempahla ye-semiconductor, into ephikisayo ethintana ne-quartz. ingilazi njengendwangu yesithando somlilo kufanele icutshungulwe kuqala ngokushisa okuphezulu nokuhlanza, isuse ukungcola kwe-alkaline kwe-potassium ne-sodium, bese ingafakwa engilazini ye-quartz ukuze isetshenziswe.
Isicelo Of Quartz Glass
Njengento ebalulekile, ingilazi ye-quartz isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuxhumaneni kwe-optical, i-aerospace, umthombo wokukhanya kagesi, i-semiconductor, ubuchwepheshe obusha be-optical.
1. Inkambu yokuxhumana ye-Optical: ingilazi ye-quartz iyisici esiwusizo sokukhiqizwa kwezinduku ze-fiber optical prefabricated kanye nomdwebo we-fiber optical, ikakhulukazi ekhonza imakethe ye-base station interconnection, futhi ukufika kwenkathi ye-5G kulethe isidingo esikhulu semakethe se-fiber optical.
2. Isici sokukhanya esisha: isibani se-mercury esinengcindezi ephezulu, isibani se-xenon, isibani se-tungsten iodide, isibani se-thallium iodide, isibani se-infrared nesibani se-germicidal.
3. Isici se-semiconductor: Ingilazi ye-quartz iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izinto zokwakha ze-semiconductor namadivayisi, njenge-Grow germanium, I-Crucible of silicon single crystal, i-furnace core tube kanye ne-bell jar...njll.
4. Emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe obusha: ngokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu komsindo, ukukhanya nogesi, ulayini wokulibaziseka we-ultrasonic ku-radar, ukutholwa kwesiqondiso sokulandela umkhondo we-infrared, i-Prism, ilensi yokuthwebula izithombe nge-infrared, ukuxhumana, i-spectrograph, i-spectrophotometer, iwindi elibonisa i-telescope enkulu yezinkanyezi. , iwindi lokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, Ama-reactors, ukufakwa kwe-radioactive; Amarokhethi, Ikhala lemicibisholo ecitshwayo, imibhobho kanye ne-radome, Izingxenye zokuvala umsakazo zamasathelayithi okwenziwa; i-thermobalance, idivayisi ye-vacuum adsorption, ukusakaza okunembayo...njll.
Ingilazi ye-quartz ibuye isetshenziswe embonini yamakhemikhali, i-metallurgy, ugesi, ucwaningo lwesayensi nezinye izici. Embonini yamakhemikhali, ingenza ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-asidi ukumelana negesi, Imishini yokupholisa kanye ne-ventilation; Idivayisi yokugcina; Ukulungiswa kwamanzi e-distilled, i-hydrochloric acid, i-nitric acid, i-sulfuric acid, njll., nezinye izivivinyo zomzimba namakhemikhali.Emsebenzini wokushisa okuphezulu, ingasetshenziswa njenge-tube yesithando somlilo kagesi kanye ne-radiator yokushisa igesi. Ku-Optics, ingilazi ye-quartz kanye ne-quartz glass wool ingasetshenziswa njengama-rocket nozzles, isihlangu sokushisa se-Spacecraft kanye nefasitela lokubuka, ngegama, ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi yesimanje nobuchwepheshe, ingilazi ye-quartz isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.
Izindawo Zokusebenza Zengilazi ye-Quartz
Ngezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba namakhemikhali, ingilazi ye-quartz isetshenziswa kabanzi ekushiseni okuphezulu, okuhlanzekile, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukudluliswa kokukhanya, ukuhlunga kanye nezinye imvelo yenqubo yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo wobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu, iyinto ebalulekile ebalulekile ku-semiconductor, i-aerospace, izinkambu zokuxhumana zokukhanya.
Inkambu ye-semiconductor
Imikhiqizo yengilazi ye-quartz ye-Semiconductor yenza ama-68% emakethe yemikhiqizo yengilazi ye-quartz, futhi inkambu ye-semiconductor iyinkambu enkulu kunazo zonke yezicelo emakethe yengilazi ye-quartz engezansi komfula. Izinto zengilazi ye-quartz kanye nemikhiqizo zisetshenziswa kakhulu enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor chip, futhi kudingeka ukuthi kuphathe amadivaysi kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-catch for etching semiconductor, diffusion, oxidation process.
Inkambu yokuxhumana ye-Optical
Izinti ze-quartz ziyizinto ezingavuthiwe eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza i-optical fiber. Ngaphezu kuka-95% wamabha efayibha akhiwe ngaphambili ahlukaniswa abe ingilazi yequartz ehlanzekile, futhi izinto eziningi zengilazi yequartz ziyasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ukwakhiwa kwebha yefiber kanye nokudweba ngocingo, okufana nokubamba izinti nezinkomishi zequartz.
I-Optics ifakiwe
I-synthetic quartz glass material isetshenziswa njengelensi, iprism, TFT-LCD HD display kanye ne-IC light mask substrate material emkhakheni we-optical optical.
Imikhiqizo yengilazi ye-quartz iyizinto ezisetshenziswayo ezibalulekile kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, ekhawulela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo embonini engaphansi komfula, futhi awukho omunye umkhiqizo okwamanje, ngakho isidingo sengilazi ye-quartz sesesikhathi eside. Ezimbonini ezingezansi, ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimboni ze-semiconductor kanye ne-photovoltaic, ukuchuma kwemboni yeglasi ye-quartz kuzoqhubeka nokukhula.
| I-Quartz ehlanganiswe ne-Flame | I-quartz ehlanganisiwe kagesi | I-Opaque Quartz | I-Synthetic Quartz | ||
| Izakhiwo Zemishini | Ukuminyana (g/cm3) | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.95-2.15 | 2.2 |
| I-Modulus Encane(Gpa) | 74 | 74 | 74 | 74 | |
| Isilinganiso sikaPoisson | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | ||
| Ukugoba i-St reng th(I-MPa) | 65-95 | 65-95 | 42-68 | 65-95 | |
| I-Compressive St reng th(I-MPa) | 1100 | 1100 | 1100 | ||
| I-Tensile St reng th(I-MPa) | 50 | 50 | 50 | ||
| Torsional St njalo th(I-MPa) | 30 | 30 | 30 | ||
| Mohs Ukuqina(I-MPa) | 6-7 | 6-7 | 6-7 | ||
| Ububanzi bebhamuza(pm) | 100 | ||||
| Izakhiwo zikagesi | I-Dielectric Constant (10GHz) | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 | 3.74 |
| I-Loss Factor (10GHz) | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | |
| I-Dielec izama i-St reng th(V/m) | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | 3.7X107 | |
| Ukungazweli (20°C) (Q・cm） | >1x1016 | >1x1016 | >1x1016 | >1x1016 | |
| Ukumelana (1000℃) (Q •cm) | >1x106 | >1x106 | >1x106 | >1x106 | |
| Izakhiwo ezishisayo | Iphoyinti lokuthambisa (C) | 1670 | 1710 | 1670 | 1600 |
| Iphoyinti lokunamathisela (C) | 1150 | 1215 | 1150 | 1100 | |
| I-St rain Point(C) | 1070 | 1150 | 1070 | 1000 | |
| I-Thermal Conductivity(W/M・K) | 1.38 | 1.38 | 1.24 | 1.38 | |
| Ukushisa Okuthile (20℃) (J/KG・K） | 749 | 749 | 749 | 790 | |
| I-Expansion Coefficient (X10-7/K） | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~100C5.7 | a:25C~200C6.4 | a:25C~200C6.4 | |